Simultaneous tailored poly-heptazine units in ZnAl-LDH nanocatalytic surface activation of pollutants and peroxymonosulfate for highly efficient water decontamination

The direct oxidative transfer process (DOTP) is a novel degradation-mineralisation system for the treatment of organic trace contaminants in water pollution, which are present with extremely high energy and/or chemical additions as well as large residues due to partial mineralisation. In this study, an enol-conjugated LDH (ACLDH) catalyst capable of interacting with persulfate was used, and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) was degraded under visible light irradiation, and experimental and theoretical results showed that the ACLDH catalyst efficiently regulated its electrons. Under optimal experimental conditions, the ACLDH material acted as a catalyst to activate and stabilise the DOTP process on the surface of the nanocatalyst, resulting in the complete removal of TC within 35 min with up to 25 % mineralisation. In addition, the study investigated the effects of starting pH, catalyst dosage, several common inorganic anions and humic acid on TC removal. DOTP based on the ACLDH/ PMS/Vis system is a very promising nanotechnology for water purification with strong performance in real waste leachate (up to 12 % TOC mineralisation) and disinfection applications.