A neutrosophic enhanced best–worst method for performance indicators assessment in the renewable energy supply chain

Any renewable energy supply chain's (RESC) performance measurement system comprises complex interconnected indicators. Hence, this research aims to propose an integrated RESC performance measurement framework containing all the performance measurement criteria and their indicators. This study identified six critical performance criteria through a combined expert opinion and literature review. RESC performance criteria and indicators are prioritized herein using the neutrosophic enhanced best–worst method (NE-BWM) that considers decision-makers (DM) opinions’ confidence rating levels. The top five indicators, i.e., “supply chain management cost,” “energy quality to consumers,” “reverse logistics,” “product quality,” and “information sharing,” and three critical performance criteria, i.e., “quality,” “supply chain efficiency,” and “service to the customer,” were identified. Findings point to the need for proper coordination/collaboration among RESC partners. Information sharing is a critical component of improving supply chain coordination/collaboration. Experts’ subjective inputs in demography are a significant limitation of this study. The NE-BWM results proposed that the top 10 indicators provided 90