Monitoring spatiotemporal and seasonal variation of agricultural drought in Bangladesh using MODIS-derived vegetation health index

Drought is one of the most menacing calamities confronted by agrarian economy-dependent countries. Monitoring drought can be valuable in lessening the long-term impacts on food security and achieving zero hunger. This research monitored the spatio-temporal variation of agricultural droughts in Bangladesh from 2000 to 2020, using the MODIS-derived vegetation health index. Several MODIS-derived indices were also calculated using the Google Earth Engine. The droughts are measured based on three cropping seasons in Bangladesh, including Kharif-1 (mid-May to mid-June), Kharif-2 (mid-June to mid-October), and Rabi (mid-October to mid-May). During the Rabi season, agricultural droughts peaked in 2000 and 2008, when around 90.90