The Aetiology and Global Impact of Paediatric Sepsis

This review provides an overview of paediatric sepsis, focusing on sepsis definitions in children, global aetiology of sepsis, application of biomarkers in clinical practice, and challenges of global application of current evidence. Clinical definitions for paediatric sepsis vary, and a validated measurement is lacking. Aetiology varies by age and geography, with differences in healthcare, vaccination, and pathogens. Biomarkers show promise but have limited translation to clinical practice, especially in children. Paediatric sepsis has a significant global impact, with high mortality and long-term morbidity, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Adapting definitions and validating biomarkers are crucial, especially in LMICs. Global efforts are needed to improve identification and management of paediatric sepsis, along with the evolving challenges of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A global approach is essential to address complexities and enhance outcomes for affected children worldwide.