Behavioral (nonchemical) Addictions and COVID-19

This review examines the impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic on the prevalence and manifestations of behavioral (non-chemical) addictions, along with the possibilities for their prevention and correction. Particular attention is paid to various manifestations of internet addiction (IA): gaming, gambling, and cybersex, as well as food addiction (FA). Internet use increased significantly during the pandemic, resulting in an increase in IA, mainly due to gaming, which correlated with the level of psychosocial problems. The increase in gambling occurred mainly in individuals with addiction or who were in at-risk groups, while the frequency of gambling in the population overall decreased or did not change. Immediately after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of requests to porn sites increased dramatically, suggesting an increase in cybersex addiction. However, longitudinal studies among adolescents showed a slight decrease in interest in pornography among boys, with an increase in girls from an initially low level. The proportion of eating disorders and FA increased significantly. The increase in FA was associated with depression, anxiety, and obesity. Preventive practices and general guidelines for remedial work in the era of COVID-19 should take into account the needs of the general population, emphasizing the importance of self-control and balanced lifestyles with moderate and sensible use of the internet during the pandemic.