Directional detection of keV proton and carbon recoils with MIMAC
Journal of Instrumentation(2023)
Abstract
Directional detection is the dedicated strategy to demonstrate that DM-like
signals measured by direct detectors are indeed produced by DM particles from
the galactic halo. The experimental challenge of measuring the direction of
DM-induced nuclear recoils with (sub-)millimeter tracks has limited, so far,
the maximal directional reach to DM masses around $100~\rm{GeV}$. In this
paper, we expose the MIMAC detector to three different neutron fields and we
develop a method to reconstruct the direction of the neutron-induced nuclear
recoils. We measure an angular resolution better than $16^\circ$ for proton
recoils down to a kinetic energy of $4~\rm{keV}$ and for carbon recoils down to
a kinetic energy of $5.5~\rm{keV}$. For the first time, a detector achieves the
directional measurement of proton and carbon recoils with kinetic energies in
the keV range without any restriction on the direction of the incoming
particle. This work demonstrates that directional detection is around the
corner for probing DM with masses down to $\mathcal{O}(1~\rm{GeV})$.
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