Usefulness of the preoperative inflammation-based prognostic score and the ratio of visceral fat area to psoas muscle area on predicting survival for surgically resected adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction

Background Sarcopenic obesity is associated with gastrointestinal cancer prognosis through systemic inflammation. However, in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), the relationship between the inflammation-based prognostic score (IBPS), muscle loss, visceral fat mass, and prognosis has not been sufficiently evaluated. We investigated the prognostic value of the preoperative IBPS and the visceral fat area ratio to the psoas muscle area (V/P ratio) in patients with AEG undergoing surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 92 patients with AEG who underwent surgery. The prognostic value of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, systemic inflammation response index, C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, prognostic nutritional index, modified Glasgow Prognostic Score, and V/P ratio at the third lumbar vertebra was investigated using univariate and multivariate survival analyses. Results Multivariate analysis revealed that a high pathological stage ( p = 0.0065), high PLR ( p = 0.0421), and low V/P ratio ( p = 0.0053) were independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival (OS). When restricted to patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m 2 , a high V/P ratio was a poor prognostic factor ( p = 0.0463) for OS. Conversely, when restricted to patients with BMI < 25 kg/m 2 , a low V/P ratio was a poor prognostic factor ( p = 0.0021) for OS. Conclusions Both PLR and V/P ratios may be useful prognostic biomarkers in surgical cases of AEG. V/P ratio and BMI may provide an accurate understanding of the muscle and fat mass’s precise nature and may help predict AEG prognosis.