Calcium-enriched biochar shifts negative effects of fluoride on the properties of arid sandy soil

This study sheds light on the influence of fluoride on the changes in the properties of alkaline sandy soils and the efficiency of calcium-enriched biochar application. The investigation involved an incubation experiment with soil contaminated with varying NaF concentrations (0, 400, 800, and 1200 mg NaF kg−1 soil) and biochar (1