Identification of Different Varieties of Oil Peony Seeds Combining ICP-MS with Chemometrics and Assessment of Associated Health Risk.

Peony seed is an excellent oil crop, and peony seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids needed by the human body. In this study, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), fingerprint, and chemometrics, the correlation between the content of inorganic elements in oil peony seeds, their origins, and varieties were investigated. Meanwhile, estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risks (CR) were combined to evaluate the comprehensive health risks of heavy metals in peony seed oil. The results showed that the difference in the content of inorganic elements could identify the varieties of oil peony seeds. Sr, K, Ca, V, Al, Fe, Cu, Ba, As, Ga, Co, and Rb were the characteristic inorganic elements that played a role in identification. In addition, The THQs and HIs (< 1) for non-carcinogenic elements indicated no risk. The CRs indicated that the carcinogenic harm was negligible. The study concluded that three varieties of peony seed oil would not pose any health hazard. It provided an effective comprehensive method for the identification of oil peony seeds and predicted the potential health risks of edible peony seed oil, providing a reference for the development and consumption of peony seed oil food.