Impact of soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lenses on visual performance in mesopic conditions

Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants. The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5. 00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18. 5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV. This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift. [10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability. [7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles. [1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type. Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions.As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).Context: Evaluation of visual quality in soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens wearers, with an emphasis on twilight vision.To assess the visual acuity and visual performance at dusk before and after soft and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) correction in healthy subjects.This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary eye-care center.Sixty eyes corrected with soft contact lenses (SCLs) and 30 eyes with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent corrected distance visual acuity with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance visual acuity with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and twilight vision (TV) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Parameters were evaluated before and after the CL fitting and repeated 3 months after the baseline visit.MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium).Rigid gas-permeable CL wear showed significant improvement in CDVAcl compared to wearing spectacles on both visits (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0003, respectively). TV with CLs was significantly better in both groups compared to the TV with spectacles at the baseline visit (P = 0.0011 in SCL group; P = 0.0001 in RGPCL group), and at the follow-up visit, this significance was proven for the RGPCL group (P = 0.001). Also, spectacle TV showed a significant improvement on the follow-up visit (P = 0.0022 in SCL group; P = 0.0269 in RGPCL group).Contact lens wear improves visual performance compared to spectacles. TV results showed superiority of CLs compared to the spectacles, without a statistical difference regarding the CL type.Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) show superiority in visual performance compared to the soft contact lenses (SCLs) and spectacles.[1-6] Visual acuity (VA) measurement is the most important step in evaluating visual capability.[7-9] However, twilight vision (TV) or night myopia represents a major functional problem for young adults, and it is caused by a phenomenon that leads to the effect of myopic shift.[10] Studies showed a significant decrease between high- and low-contrast VA.[11] The aim of this study was to assess visual performance before and after correction with SCLs and RGPCLs in healthy subjects, highlighting the effect on TV.This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 subjects who were corrected with SCLs and 30 eyes of 18 subjects corrected with RGPCLs. The patients were recruited during a 1-year period at a tertiary eye-care center. After detailed information was provided, an informed consent form was signed by all the subjects and parents of study participants who were under 18 years of age. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Centre. Exclusion criteria included prior contact lens wear, dry eye disease and other anterior segment pathology, posterior segment pathology, amblyopia, use of any medications known to interfere with contact lens (CL) wear, and prior ocular surgery. Subjects who had a refraction over +/- 5.00 spherical diopters (Dsph) and/or a cylindrical refractive error over 3 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl) were also excluded. The study included healthy patients between the ages of 15 and 35, with a refractive error lower than the previously mentioned in exclusion criteria. The SCLs included in this study were made of comfilcon A and senofilcon A materials, while all RGPCLs were composed of enflufocon B. All participants underwent a slit-lamp examination, Schirmer test, non-invasive tear break-up time test, auto-refractokeratometry (Indo, eRK-10, USA), and corneal tomography (Pentacam, OCULUS, Wetzlar, Germany), whereupon appropriate CLs were fitted. The type of CL that was fitted depended on the amount of spherical and cylindrical refractive error and the patient's preference. SCLs were not fitted to the patients with a cylindrical refractive error over -0.75 Dcyl. After confirming that the subjects did not have any ocular pathology or irregularities on corneal tomography, a visual assessment with spectacles and CLs was obtained. It included the corrected distance VA with spectacles (CDVAs), corrected distance VA with contact lenses (CDVAcl), and TV (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The parameters were evaluated at a baseline visit (T0) and on follow-up visit after 3 months of CL wear (T1), with both spectacles and CLs. Distance VA and TV were assessed on each eye separately, first with spectacles and afterward with CLs after a settling period of 10-15 minutes. The follow-up visit was done in the morning hours, and patients were advised to come without CLs (wearing spectacles), which were removed the day before, so the visual performance can be measured first with spectacles. Monocular distance VA was tested using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts at a 4 m distance under photopic (100 cd/m2) normal room lighting conditions. As for the visual function, the TV was measured by the commercially available computerized mesopic VA test (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts, Italy). The patients were placed 3 m away from the chart, with their heads in alignment with the screen plane. Illumination of the environment was obscured to 1 lux. Test showed 1 line of letters with a light background of 1 cd/m2, which was specified by the manufacturer. Each row consisted of five of the Sloan optotypes with values of VA ranging from 0.1 to 1.0. The subjects were allowed 5 minutes of adaptation to the ambient light conditions before the test, whereupon they were asked to read black letters on a dim screen plane. VA is verified starting from the first line of the optotype. Both VA and TV testing were scored letter by letter, with a termination rule of stopping after three or more mistakes within a single line.Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc for Windows, version 11.4 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. A paired Wilcoxon test was used for repeated testing of the same individual, while a Mann-Whitney test was used to test for differences between groups. Categorical data were analyzed using a Chi-square test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Ninety eyes of 48 subjects, in total, with a median age of 18.5 [inter-quartile range (IQR) 16-24] years old were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: SCL wearers and RGPCL wearers. The SCL group contained 60 eyes of 30 subjects with a median age of 18 (IQR 16-24) years, while the RGPCL group included 30 eyes of 18 subjects with the median age of 20 (IQR 16-23) years. Among these subjects, the SCL group had 76%, and the RGPCL group had 77% female participants.The median spherical refractive error on T0 was -2.00 Dsph (IQR -1.25 to -3.25 Dsph) in the SCL group and -1.75 Dsph (IQR -0.75 to -5.00 Dsph) in the RGPCL group. On the first visit, subjects in the SCL group expressed no cylindrical power when calculating the median value, although the IQR for the majority was from 0 to -0.75 Dcyl. In the RGPCL group, the median cylindrical power was -0.75 Dcyl (IQR 0 to -2.75 Dcyl).