Biochemical Evaluation of the Effects of Concentrated Growth Factor Liquid on Osseointegration: A Split-Mouth Design Study

Purpose: To investigate cytokine levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid and thus evaluate the effects of concentrated growth factor (CGF) on osseointegration. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 mandibular implants were symmetrically placed in a group of 20 systemically healthy patients enrolled in the study. In each patient, one implant wetted with liquid infiltrated from fibrin matrix was placed in the test side (Group L), and the other implant was placed in the control side without the application of any material (Group C). Peri-implant crevicular fluid was collected at 2, 4, and 12 weeks later. Marginal bone loss was measured with panoramic radiographs taken immediately after implant placement and at 12 weeks. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) of the implants was performed intraoperatively and at 4 and 12 weeks. Results: Stability values of the implants in the CGF liquid-treated sites were higher than those of the control group at week 12 (P =.005). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of marginal bone loss (MBL). Group L showed increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) at 2 and 4 weeks. Also, levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) were higher in Group L at week 4 compared to Group C (P =.033). Conclusions: The increased TNF-a, RANKL, and OPG levels in this study demonstrate that CGF liquid can be used to accelerate peri-implant bone remodeling in the early phase of osseointegration. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2023:38:1182-1190. doi: 10.11607/jomi.10066