Vertically Aligned Perovskite Laser Arrays for High-Capacity Anticounterfeiting Labels

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have emerged as the most effective method against counterfeiting, leveraging the intrinsic randomness of objects to avoid data replication. However, despite their efficacy, the complexity and high cost of most PUF-based counterfeiting labels hinder their practical application. Here, a high-capacity PUF label based on vertically aligned perovskite nanowire (NW) arrays is demonstrated. The NW arrays are conveniently constructed using a low-cost solution process using an anodized aluminum oxide template. Each pixel within the label is composed of closely packed CsPbBr3 NW arrays of different lengths, resulting in varied lasing signals. The collected signal of each pixel emerged from the lasing output of the NW arrays, generating high-density and nonuniform multiple-mode lasing to facilitate information encoding. A quaternary encoding mechanism is used to encode the number of laser modes per pixel. Impressively, it exhibits a mapping resolution of 1600 pixels within 400 mu m2, achieving an impressive encoding capacity (1.97 x 10963) and a pixel density (4 bits mu m-2) in this compact area. This work shows a promising approach for anticounterfeiting applications because of its simplicity, low cost, and high encoding capacity. The high-capacity physical unclonable function label based on vertically aligned perovskite nanowire laser arrays is prepared by a low-cost solution method using an anodized aluminum oxide template. A mapping resolution of 1600 pixels and a quaternary encoding mechanism for each pixel is realized in a compact space of 400 mu m2, achieving an impressive encoding capacity of 1.97 x 10963.image