Exploring the mechanism of axial ion energy acquisition and loss in an magnetoplasmadynamic thruster plume

In order to investigate the mechanism of axial ion energy acquisition and loss in an applied-field magneto-plasmadynamic thruster (AF-MPDT) plume plasma, a 10 kW level MPDT was tested using a Gauss meter, a Langmuir probe, a Faraday probe, a retarding potential analyzer (RPA) and a thrust target stand. Axial ion energy (Eiz) and axial Lorentz force density (Fz) distributions are obtained and interconnected. In the R direction, a local peak in Eiz exists as a result of the presence of maximum Fz in proximity. This localized Fz surge is instigated by the diamagnetic current, a consequence of the abrupt density reduction near the beam edge. In the Z direction, Eiz first increases to a maximum and subsequently decreases. The increase is due to the dominant Fz in ion ac-celeration in the vicinity of the thruster exit. Further downstream, the Fz decreased and the effect of charge -exchange collisions became apparent, leading to the decrease of Eiz.