The correlation between serum 1, 5-anhydroglucitol and β-cell function in Chinese adults with different glucose metabolism statuses

Objective Serum 1, 5-AG is a glycaemic marker reflecting control and fluctuations of short-term glucose. To reveal the relationship between 1, 5-AG with β-cell function, we investigated a certain number of Chinese adults with different glucose metabolisms. Methods In clinical cross-sectional study, 2184 subjects with no prior diabetes history are included and underwent an OGTT. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were calculated. Correlations between 1, 5-AG and HOMA-IR or HOMA-β were observed, correcting for interference factors, and independent factors for HOMA-β and HOMA-IR were analysed. Subjects were divided into three groups according to OGTT results, and 1, 5-AG levels differed significantly between them. Results A significant positive correlation existed between 1, 5-AG and HOMA-β only in the diabetes mellitus group (r = 0.265, p < 0.001). Above phenomenon remained after adjusting for indicators, however, disappeared after considering serum uric acid. Both 1, 5-AG and HbA1c were independent factors for HOMA-β (1, 5-AG: β = 0.772, p = 0.023; HbA1c: β = -7.52, p = 0.003). Conclusion: 1, 5-AG remained a factor for HOMA-β only for those with NUA. 1, 5-AG reflects different glucose metabolism statuses and is an auxiliary observation reflecting the secretory function of β cells in NUA patients.