A Survey of Text Watermarking in the Era of Large Language Models
CoRR(2023)
Abstract
Text watermarking algorithms play a crucial role in the copyright protection
of textual content, yet their capabilities and application scenarios have been
limited historically. The recent developments in large language models (LLMs)
have opened new opportunities for the advancement of text watermarking
techniques. LLMs not only enhance the capabilities of text watermarking
algorithms through their text understanding and generation abilities but also
necessitate the use of text watermarking algorithms for their own copyright
protection. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey of the current state of
text watermarking technology, covering four main aspects: (1) an overview and
comparison of different text watermarking techniques; (2) evaluation methods
for text watermarking algorithms, including their success rates, impact on text
quality, robustness, and unforgeability; (3) potential application scenarios
for text watermarking technology; (4) current challenges and future directions
for development. This survey aims to provide researchers with a thorough
understanding of text watermarking technology, thereby promoting its further
advancement.
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