Artificial intelligence in obstetrics and gynecology

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in obstetrics and gynecology lags behind other specialties. The current potential applications include ultrasound imaging (operations support, education, and anomalies detection), fetal cardiotocographic monitoring, prediction models using electronic health records, embryo selection, and radiomics in gynecologic oncology. The goal of this chapter is to review these current applications, to discuss challenges to AI research and provider adoption, and to suggest future applications and avenues for research. The discussion will be tempered with consideration of gender gaps in AI professionals and concerns about the exacerbation of existing racial disparities in obstetrics and gynecologic care.