Artificial intelligence in endocrinology

There has been exponential growth in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in endocrinology over the past decade. For example, several subfields of endocrinology such as the treatment of diabetes have already incorporated AI into clinical care using continuous glucose monitors. Yet, there is an ever-increasing need for physicians to engage AI-based solutions for the management of complex endocrine disorders. Here, we review the current applications of AI and ML in the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders. We also discuss barriers in the greater clinical adoption of AI- and ML-based treatment methods, including regulatory barriers and clinician concerns.