Methods for the synthesis of ceramic materials with perovskite structure

Metal oxides with the perovskite structure are materials present in many different applications, such as optics, electronics, catalysis, and magnetism. The relationship between the structure and property is directly correlated to the synthesis method used to produce these nanomaterials. In that regard, a deep knowledge of the principles, strengths, and limitations of the main synthetic methods present in the literature is necessary to obtain high-quality materials. In this sense, this chapter presents the principles and applications of different synthetic methods commonly used to prepare metal oxides with perovskite structures. Besides the principles, each synthetic method presents examples of how the method was applied in the preparation of metal oxides with perovskite structure. Methods used to prepare either powder or thin-film materials are presented. Among the methods presented in this chapter, we can cite: solid-state reaction method, coprecipitation method, sol-gel and its variants, hydrothermal and solvothermal methods, microwave-assisted methods, chemical vapor deposition, electron-beam physical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, radiofrequency magneto sputtering, and pulsed-laser deposition. This chapter aims to provide a deeper knowledge of these synthetic techniques, in such a way it can guide the design and development of known and novel materials with the perovskite structure.