Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with HIV after 24 Weeks of Treatment with Dolutegravir in Kinshasa

Context: The appointment of the M6 is crucial because it is an indicator of the prognosis of the evolution of the care and the decision-making on the continuation of the AntiRetroViral Treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is therefore to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV under treatment with Dolutegravir 6 months after being put on ART in Kinshasa. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional view at the sixth month of a prospective cohort to determine the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 6 months of ART based on Dolutegravir (DTG) in Kinshasa. A sample of 5 mL of blood was taken from all HIV patients included. The collection of biological data was carried out under the same conditions as at inclusion. After extraction, Quantitative Real-Time PCR was carried out to determine the quantity of HIV RNA in the samples according to the protocols previously described. Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Nested PCR were carried out to amplify the regions of interest for Protease and Reverse Transcriptase for sequencing. Results: The median VL value was 2.92 log10 RNA copies/mL. With 17.75% of patients experiencing major failure of first-line treatment. Subtype A is dominant with 13 cases (20.98%); followed by CRF_02AG (16.13%), subtypes C (14.52%), D (9.68%) and K (6.45%). The K65R (3 cases), T69P/N (6 cases), K70R (9 cases) and M184V (8 cases) mutations were listed as existing mutations for Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: After 6 months of ART, 59.67% of People Living with HIV on Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir is in therapeutic success while 40.33% are in a state of treatment failure. Subtype A remains dominant in the population of PLHIV. Resistance mutations were detected for Lamivudine and Tenofovir, but none for Dolutegravir.