A Framework for Unifying and Advancing the Science and Application of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

We conclude our examination of ACEs by distilling critical concepts across the preceding chapters in this volume, which manifest the growing evidence establishing the significance of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the development and functioning of children, adolescents, and adults. The burgeoning literature further demonstrates the complexity of the ACEs construct for scientific investigation, clinical and program applications, and policy development. In order to facilitate the ability to communicate across disciplines and settings and to advance the field of ACEs, this chapter provides a unifying, interdisciplinary framework for conceptualizing ACEs and invigorating their applications. Along with the overarching importance of resilience, the framework includes six essential elements: purpose (why), definition (what), assessment (how), population (who), setting (where), and stage (when). Practice and policy implications are highlighted, along with important areas for future research.