Differential cross-reactivity to the influenza B virus haemagglutinin underpins lineage-specific susceptibility between birth cohorts
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)(2023)
摘要
Abstract Influenza exposures early in life are believed to shape future susceptibility to influenza infections by imprinting immunological biases that engender differential cross-reactivity to future influenza viruses, but direct serological evidence linked to susceptibility is limited. We analysed hemagglutination-inhibition titres in 1451 cross-sectional samples collected between 1992-2020, from individuals born between 1917-2008, against influenza B virus (IBV) isolates from 1940-2021, including ‘future’ isolates that circulated after sample collection. We demonstrate that immunological biases are conferred by early life IBV infection and result in lineage-specific cross-reactivity of a birth cohort towards future IBV isolates. This translates into differential estimates of susceptibility between birth cohorts towards the two IBV antigenic lineages, explaining lineage-specific age distributions of observed medically attended IBV infections. Our data bridge a critical gap between early life exposure, cross-reactivity, and influenza epidemiology and identify a plausible model to further dissect the interplay between host immunity, viral evolution and epidemiology.
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关键词
influenza,birth cohorts,cross-reactivity,lineage-specific
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