Current Trends in Science Curriculum Reforms in Response to STEM Education: International Trends, Policies and Challenges

The current trends of science curricula have come across several reform initiatives to promote STEM integrated approach teaching and learning across societies and countries. In this context, this chapter aims to provide an overview of curriculum reforms in response to STEM education and its scope and impacts on science teacher education trends, policies, practices and challenges. We argue upon STEM education as disciplinary or interdisciplinary approach leading to global or regional initiatives taken by several countries to promote such initiatives in teacher preparation program development, and actual classroom practices. Then, we emphasize critical needs for rethinking and structuring STEM education to promote teacher self-efficacy toward integrated STEM as an approach to teaching and learning science and empowering students through procedural, conceptual, and applicable science problem-solving skills.