Analytical modelling of the hydraulic effect of hydrate deposition on transportability and plugging location in subsea gas pipelines

Accurate prediction of the hydraulic effect of hydrate deposition and plug location is critical to the safety and operability of natural gas transport pipelines, especially for gas-dominant subsea pipelines where maintenance and intervention activities are more difficult. To achieve this, the present work improved an existing two-phase pressure drop relation due to friction, by incorporating the hydrates deposition rate into the equation. In addition, a model has been developed to predict the pipeline plugging time. The transient pressure drop predictions in the present study for all six cases at high and low velocities are within 4% mean relative error. Similar predictions by Di Lorenzo et al. are within 40% maximum relative error, while the mean relative error of the transient pressure drop predictions by Zhang et al. was 7.43%. In addition, the plugging flowtime model underpredicts the plugging time by a mean relative error of 9%.