Genetic variation in European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and the potential for exploitation in Scotland

The genetic variation of European blueberry species (known also as bilberry) has been the focus of considerable interest around the world, especially in relation to their commercial potential. Vaccinium myrtillus is a native European berry commonly found throughout central and north Europe. Little is currently known about the genetic variation of the European wild bilberry and its relation to their geographic distribution. Here we analysed the genetic diversity of Scottish wild bilberries (known locally as blaeberries) by means of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and found significant genetic flow throughout the region, not directly correlated with the geographic distances among locations. Our results highlight a higher genetic diversity of bilberries growing in grasslands rather than woodlands, hinting to local adaptation. Future studies involving a more extended sampling are highly recommended to explore the current genetic variation of Scottish bilberries and their potential for commercial exploitation.