Comparative analysis of the unit costs of the polish freight international transport operating on the eastern and eu markets, 2009-2021

The article represents next part of the cyclical publications of the Departmentof Economic Research and Transport accessibility in the field of cost analysis ofthe Polish international freight transport companies. It made a comparative assessmentof the average unit costs of international carriers incurred in 2021 inrelation to the results from previous years. The study covered enterprises servingEastern markets and the European Union (EU). The statistical characteristics ofthe surveyed entities are presented, taking into account their size, determinedbased on the size of the fleet of trucks operated. It also shows the average costsof one vehicle-kilometre (vehicle-km) of mileage for a truck over 12 Mg GVM,depending on the size of the enterprise and taking into account the direction oftransport. The generic cost structure of the surveyed carriers was also analysed.The development of unit costs in 2021 in relation to the period 2009-2020 is presentedin tabular and graphic form. A summary of the evaluation of the impact ofexternal factors on the functioning of the sector, from the carriers’ perspective, wasalso presented. The study was conducted based on the questionnaires completedby carriers associated with (ZMPD) Association of International Road Carriers.