Role of bulking agents and additive on composting

Composting is widely used to treat with municipal solid waste. However, there are some issues including long period, greenhouse gas emission, nitrogen loss, low humification and others in the traditional composting process, which restrict the evolution of composting technology. Therefore, it is essential to optimize composting process in a practical - economical way. In the last decades, adding additives into composting has given rise to more concern among all ways. It is confirmed that bulking agents are beneficial for optimizing composting process like volume density, porosity and C/N, while additive (chemical additives, microbial additives and mineral additives) had a positive effect on nutrients conservation, pH adjustment and microbial community succession, and thus improving quality of compost. Furthermore, it is a prosperous field to search more additives in the future.