Analysis of gene mutation spectrum and prevention and treatment of lung cancer patients in Qujing, Yunnan Province, China

Abstract Objective To analyze the correlation between driver genes and clinicopathological features of lung cancer patients in Qujing, Yunnan, and evaluate the efficacy of drugs under different lung cancer gene mutations to discover the mutated gene spectrum of lung cancer in this area and contribute to the optimization of targeted therapy for lung cancer patients. Methods We collected clinical data from 363 lung cancer patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Qujing City from 2018 to 2020 as well as their oncogene detection reports. The epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of lung cancer in Qujing were analyzed. Results There were more EGFR , KRAS , and TP53 mutations and non-clinically significant gene mutations in Qujing, and less than 5% mutations in other genes. In addition to the high frequency of exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R missense mutations, there were more EGFR-p.Ser768Ile compound mutations in EGFR single gene mutations. KRAS mutations were concentrated in KRAS-p.gly12cys mutations, while TP53 mutations were mostly compound mutations. There were significant differences in the frequency of different gene mutations in male and female patients ( P < 0.05). EGFR mutations were dominant in females, while TP53 mutations were dominant in males. Single KRAS gene mutations were not influenced by sex, but its combined mutation was affected by the TP53 gene. The number of male patients was slightly higher than that of female patients. There was a significant difference in gene mutation frequency between patients with or without smoking and drinking history ( P < 0.05). Compared with other chemotherapy regimens, AP chemotherapy significantly improved clinical efficacy in the Qujing region. Conclusions The correlation between the characteristics of different mutant genes and clinicopathology can provide a basis for the treatment and prognosis of patients with lung cancer in Qujing. Accurate early screening is critical for lung cancer patients with high incidence and no history of smoking or drinking. The AP chemotherapy regimen showed advantages compared with other chemotherapy regimens in the Qujing area.