Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of fallopian tubes: a case report

Abstract Background Previously, such leiomyoma was rarely identified in the fallopian tubes. Case presentation: A female patient, aged 37, presented with a mass in the pelvic region. Ultrasonography, CT and MRI all gave the diagnosis of subserosal leiomyoma. During the surgical procedure, an enlarged right fallopian tube was observed, along with a convex, cauliflower-like vegetation in the ampulla. Conclusions Postoperative pathological examination indicated the presence of a cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of the fallopian tube, which is a unique type of leiomyoma with a distinct growth pattern. It is imperative to consider the differential diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment for cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma.