Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for photoelectrochemical bioanalysis

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalysis has recently attracted much attention due to its multiple advantages. Functional nanostructured materials (NMs) are one of the most critical components in designing PEC biosensors, as both morphology control and chemical composition of NMs play a significant role in the excellent analytical performance of PEC bioanalysis. Biosensors based on such materials show prominent signal amplification, increased sensitivity, and improved detection of biomolecules and different ions. This chapter provides an overview of the state of the art of rapidly developing field centering on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles-based biosensors. Emerging applications, current challenges, and future prospects of PEC bioanalysis are also discussed.