Along-Arc Volcanism in the Western and Central Aleutian From 2015 to 2021 Revealed by Cloud-Based InSAR Processing

Leveraging a cloud-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar time-series processing framework, we map the surface deformation along the western and central Aleutian volcanoes from 2015 to 2021. The observed crustal deformation from more than 15 volcanoes is attributed to a wide range of magmatic or tectonic processes, for example, magma accumulation in the magmatic reservoir, steady cooling or degassing of magma or hydrothermal systems, and faulting. More vigorous magmatism in the central Aleutian is noticed and appears to be related to higher magma production rates or higher magma ascent rates as a result of oblique subduction. New deformation patterns never observed in previous studies are detected and modeled at Tanaga, Great Sitkin and Yunaska. This study showcases the cloud-processing capability to generate interferograms at scale and processing tools to analyze these time series over large, tectonically active areas. Surface deformation mapping plays a critical role in the study of volcanic systems, which helps reveal the status of the fundamental magmatic process, for example, magma transportation and stress accumulation. In this study, a new framework integrating cloud-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) products, that is, the Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis Sentinel-1 Geocoded Unwrapped Interferograms (ARIA S1 GUNWs), and time-series processing tools, are used to map the deformation history of the volcanoes in the western and central Aleutian from 2015 to 2021. Active deformation has been identified from more than 15 volcanoes during the investigation period, which are attributed to be consequences of a wide range of magmatic or tectonic processes. Temporal and spatial behaviors of the deformation patterns are interpreted as a result of variations in tectonic settings. New deformation patterns have been detected at Tanaga, Great Sitkin and Yunaska, which are further modeled using analytic models and are interpreted by different magmatic/tectonic sources. This study has demonstrated the capabilities of the new cloud-based framework for scalable generation of standardized InSAR products and rapid time-series deformation analysis. Cloud-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar production and time-series analysis framework is developed to map volcanic deformation in the western and central AleutianTemporal and spatial behaviors of the deformation at more than 15 volcanoes are interpreted as a result of variations in tectonic settingsDeformation at Tanaga, Great Sitkin and Yunaska volcanoes is discovered, and the corresponding magmatic/tectonic source is modeled