Mechanism of enhanced ion temperature by impurity seeding in EAST H-mode plasma

Ion temperature (T i) profiles are commonly observed to increase in peaking, leading to higher central T i, after impurity seeding in the EAST H-mode plasma. Argon can be more efficient at raising T i than neon. Toroidal rotation can also be enhanced in scenarios with NBI heating. A more significant increase in toroidal rotation is brought about by seeding argon than seeding neon. Turbulence is experimentally observed to be suppressed. Extensive modeling using the quasilinear gyrokinetic code QuaLiKiz is performed to explain the above observations. It is found that the enhanced T i can always be explained by the turbulence stabilization. However, the mechanism of turbulence stabilization is related to heating methods and the seeding impurity species. In the pure RF (ECRH + LHW) heating scenarios, where only the trapped electron mode (TEM) exists, argon can stabilize the TEM more significantly than neon due to its higher charge and heavier mass. In scenarios with increasing NBI power, the ion heat flux can be dominated by the ion temperature gradient (ITG), thus the enhanced T i is mainly attributed to ITG stabilization. In these cases, except argon's ability to more efficiently stabilize TEM, more evident increased toroidal rotation brought about by argon seeding can also be beneficial to stabilize turbulence.