Влияние состояния рабочей поверхности гальванического датчика импульсного рентгеновского излучения на его быстродействие

A new design of a galvanic sensor of pulsed X-ray radiation is proposed, which is a flat electric capacitor with a window in one metal lining and a solid dielectric made of the single crystal sapphire with a thickness of 200-300 µm inside. The influence of the surface roughness of the sapphire in the window area on the galvanic linear sensor of X-ray radiation has been established. Tests have shown that with ultra-smooth polishing of the sapphire plate working surface in the window area to a roughness of Rq≤ 0.2 nm, it is possible to provide the galvanic linear detection of X-rays with an energy in the range of 0.1-1 keV and a power density of 1-2 MW•cm-2 with a sensor response time of about 8 ns. Sensors of this type can be used in studies of inertial nuclear fusion processes