Recent Advancement in Biofuels Production and Its Environmental Impacts

The demand for motor vehicles is increasing due to rise in the population and resulting speedy consumption of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are available in limited quantities in particular region of the world and will ultimately finish one day. Also, fossil fuel combustion releases pollutants which severely affect the environment and human beings. In this regard, biofuels are identified as a vital alternative to fossil fuels. Biofuels derived from biological material are non-exhaustible, eco-friendly, carbon neutral, and can be a substitute for petroleum fuels. The use of biofuels help to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and provides numerous other environmental benefits. This chapter focuses on biofuels, including different generations of biofuels, their benefits, constraints, and recent technological advancements. The chapter also covers the evaluation of biofuels in India and discusses national biofuel policy. Further, biofuels’ vital application and environmental impacts have also been presented.