Physico-Chemical Properties of Three Synthesized Carbonaceous Nanomaterials (CNTs, GO, Biochar) for Perspective Application: Water / Soil Treatment and Energy Storage

Nanotechnology has a more than important role in deducing the materials’ structure, especially carbon-based nanomaterials, including determining their properties and consequently their application field, such as: energy storage, environmental protection, biosensing and soil treatment. In this investigation, we report a comparison of three kinds of nanostructured carbon based smart nanomaterials synthesized at different dimension (1D, 2D and 3D) using physico-chemical growth processes. These carbonaceous products have been characterized in order to identify their attractive properties using different techniques, such as XRD, FT-IR, TGA/DTA, FESEM microscopy, Raman and XSP spectroscopy. These obtained nanostructured carbon have shown structural forms in the case of MWNTs and graphene type having 1D and 2D configuration, respectively, as well as an amorphous form in the case of biochar having 3D porous configuration which contains less cohesive bonds than graphene and MWNTs. These two structured ones have a much more solid and cohesive structure thanks to the strength of their carbon bonds and their graphitization rate is proved from their Raman and XPS-C1s analysis spectra. Moreover, they have shown very interesting characteristics especially their specific surface area in the range 150-2400 m2/g and functional groups; which open up a wide field of application especially environmental protection and biosensing.