Research Progress of Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron in Removal of Heavy Metals From Groundwater

Groundwater heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious, receiving widespread attention. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is one of the commonly used in situ remediation technologies for groundwater heavy metal pollution. Currently, it has been widely used in engineering practice. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an emerging remediation material with broad application prospects for groundwater heavy metal pollution. This article summarizes different types of PRB and methods for preparing nZVI. It also introduces the different modifications and effects of nZVI, and elaborates on the relevant problems that need to be overcome in the engineering application of nZVI. This study believes that seeking more affordable modification methods and environmentally friendly modification materials are key issues that need to be addressed in the future.