Unveiling the structure of umbu tree dispersal units through x-ray imaging

Abstract Characterizing dispersal structures is crucial for species identification and selecting diverse germplasm. This study aimed to investigate the morphology of Spondias tuberosa dispersion units and assess the efficacy of x-ray imaging in characterizing their internal morphology. X-ray imaging successfully revealed the internal structures, enabling the identification of filled, translucent, malformed, and empty seeds. The morphological analysis provided valuable insights into the dispersal units and presented a non-destructive and efficient method for future germplasm studies.