Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the adult population of urban areas of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is rising in Indian population. MetS is less studied in Uttarakhand which has embraced modern culture and lifestyle. Hence, we aimed to study the prevalence and determinants of MetS. Aim and Objectives: (1) To determine the prevalence of MetS in the adult population (19–60 years) in urban areas of Rishikesh. (2) To determine the association of sociodemographic variables and risk factors with MetS. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area of Rishikesh. WHO steps instrument and protocol were used for the assessment of risk factors and measurements. Five milliliters of blood sample was collected for estimation of Fasting Blood sugar (FBS), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein. Sample size was calculated to be 478 (P = 34.3%, design effect = 2.0, drop out 5%, and relative precision = 18%). Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. Appropriate statistical tests for bivariate and multivariate analysis were done. P <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The prevalence of MetS in the urban area of Rishikesh is 38.2%. The prevalence of MetS in males and females is 33.9% and 40.5%, respectively. Conclusions: About 442 subjects had either one or more abnormal components of the MetS as classified by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. MetS prevalence was found to be higher in females than males. Prevalence was found higher in individuals belonging to the 41–50 years of age group.