Nanozymes for Glucose Sensing and Diabetes Management

Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. The classical methods for diagnosing diabetes is the tracking of fasting blood glucose, yet this method has several limitations. Alternatively, recently developed nanotechnology-based methods present advantages such as detection at individual cell and molecular level with possible incorporation in diagnostic biochips. In particular, nanozymes, which are nanomaterials with enzymatic properties, have been developed for optical sensing of glucose due to the unique properties. Metal-, metal oxide-, carbon-, and metal sulfide-based nanozymes are now widely used for glucose detection due to enhanced sensitivity and specificity. This chapter reviews nanozymes for glucose sensing in the context of diabetes management. Challenges to implement the developed sensors in real-life scenarios are also discussed.