Sustainable Management of Suckers Problem in Hazelnut Cultivation

Suckers that develop rapidly in hazelnut bottoms compete with the main branches, resulting in yield and quality losses as well as a risk for plant disease agents. Mechanical, physical and chemical methods are applied in the control of hazelnut suckers. Since the majority of mechanical methods are impractical in large production areas, physical and chemical methods come to the forefront. Among the physical methods, flaming is an effective method preferred for this purpose. As a result of studies carried out in different countries on the effect of herbicides on suckers, 2.4-D, glufosinate ammonium, paraquat, carfentrazone-ethyl and saflufenacil have been recommended. For this purpose, 2.4-D, diquat and glyphosate are applied in Türkiye. Aside from herbicides, some nitrogen fertilizers and plant growth regulators were also found to be effective. In Türkiye, hazelnut growers prefer mechanical and chemical applications for controlling suckers, which they consider as a problem. Within the scope of this study, in order to determine effective, economical and practical methods and to develop control strategies for Türkiye, a literature review was carried out on the methods for controlling hazelnut suckers in Türkiye and in other countries. In the light of compiled information, current methods and their alternatives have been evaluated. As a result, it is concluded that scientific research is needed and region-specific management strategies should be developed by integrating some methods which are effective, economical and practical for the sustainable management of suckers in hazelnut orchards in Türkiye.