Long-term dynamics of extracellular vesicles as recurrence markers in hepatocellular carcinoma patients following surgical tumor resection

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant liver tumor, and its incidence has been rising globally, causing a significant number of cancer-related deaths. Unfortunately, curative treatments are only possible for a small fraction of patients. Recent studies suggest that Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) released by HCC cells may play a crucial role in the tumor's spread and growth, and thus, they have the potential to provide promising solutions to current diagnostic limitations.