Upregulation of regulatory B and T cells in induced sputum following AIT

Introduction Regulatory B and T cells are considered to have a crucial impact on type 2 inflammation by producing regulatory cytokines, such as IL-10. By playing a significant role in suppressing immune responses, they are also seen as an important immunomodulating factors in allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. Treatment with Allergen-specific Immunotherapy (AIT) seems to have various effects on a cellular and humoral base, which also affects regulatory cells. This study shows the differences of Breg and Treg levels in healthy subjects and allergic individuals and the development following AIT. Furthermore, it presents induced sputum as a possible clinical method to monitor immunomodulating processes on a local base.