Enhancing growth of leucaena leucocephala seedlings by stimulation of symbiotic relationship between vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (vam) and nitrogen fixing bacteria under phosphate rock fertilization

) with rhizobia are the main contributors to improve its ecological, physiological, and commercial significance. Leucaena is an appropriate species to serve as a model for other woody legumes because of these traits. Therefore, its symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungus has attracted a lot of interest. Plant stress responses can be mediated by vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (VAM) symbionts via increasing stress tolerance. The study was carried out in a greenhouse at the private nursery in Itay El-Baroud city and the Laboratories of the Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, in collaboration with the Laboratories of the Soil and Water Development Center, Damanhour, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt, over two consecutive seasons, 2020 and 2021. This study was conducted to determine the effect of dual inoculation with endomycorrhizal fungi (VAM) and