Protective Effect of Ficus carica against the Insecticide Deltamethrin Toxicity in Wistar Rats

Background: Over time, people have created customs related to the use of medicinal plants as a means to safeguard health against harmful agents like pesticides. This study seeks to assess how effective Ficus carica is in safeguarding Wistar rats against the toxic effects of the insecticide Deltamethrin. Methods: Six groups of 42 rats are used, G1 (control), G2 and G3 ( treated with Ficus carica leaves extract at two doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/d), G4 (treated by Deltamethrin 15 mg/ kg/d), G5 and G6 (treated with the combination Deltamethrin-plant). After 30 days of treatment, blood and organs are collected for the biochemical analyses (glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, transaminases, creatinine and urea) and histological samples ( liver and kidneys). Result: The study revealed a notable increase (P.0.001) in the biochemical parameters of the group treated with Deltamethrin, as compared to the control group, accompanied by several histological changes. However, the results demonstrated that the extract of Ficus carica leaves can mitigate the toxicity induced by Deltamethrin, resulting in a substantial improvement in both the biochemical parameters and histological structure of the liver and kidneys in the groups treated with the combined Deltamethrin and Ficus carica extract. Result: The study revealed a notable increase (P.0.001) in the biochemical parameters of the group treated with Deltamethrin, as compared to the control group, accompanied by several histological changes. However, the results demonstrated that the extract of Ficus carica leaves can mitigate the toxicity induced by Deltamethrin, resulting in a substantial improvement in both the biochemical parameters and histological structure of the liver and kidneys in the groups treated with the combined Deltamethrin and Ficus carica extract.