The state of the art of biopolymers-new challenges, opportunities, and future prospects

A common refrain for green materials could be, “Go with what's natural and eco-friendly!” When it comes to polymers, the color green is not necessarily an indicator of natural or environmentally friendly materials. It is important to look beyond color and consider factors such as the source of the material, its production process, and its end-of-life disposal options when evaluating the sustainability of a polymer. The term “green polymers,” coined in the 1990s and used since then, characterizes materials created using eco-friendly chemistry. Polymer fabrication and manufacturing that prevents or minimizes the processing of elements harmful to humans, wildlife, plants, and the ecosystem is the process for “natural polymer” Natural polymers, naturally occurring in plants and animals, are produced by living creatures. Monomers of saccharides, nucleic acids, or amino acids are combined with chemical side chains to form their chemical structures. Plants and animals include a variety of structural components, such as starch, cellulose, proteins, and lignin, in high concentrations. Biopolymers are generally safe and nontoxic. Sustainable polymers seek to reduce or eliminate pollution in the environment altogether. The polymer sector is exploring alternatives to petrochemical sources to ensure a bright future. In scientific studies, sustainable biopolymers are a critical component of research and innovation.