Abstract 2293: Tumor-informed fixed and patient-specific panels for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in early-stage NSCLC:a head-to-head comparison

Abstract Introduction: Detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) by ctDNA based on tumor-informed or tumor-naive strategy could be used as an effective method to predict the relapse of NSCLC. As for tumor-informed strategy,both fixed panel and patient-specific panel are promising methods in MRD monitoring. Patient-specific panel can be used to monitor tissue specific somatic mutations individually. Besides, fixed panel can make up for the deficiency caused by organizational heterogeneity. In this study, we compared the monitoring effect of novel tumor-informed fixed and patient-specific panels. Methods: 81 patients with stage I-III resected NSCLC were analyzed, including 45 patients (55.6%) with stage I, 15 (18.5%) with stage II and 21 (25.9%) with stage III. Tumor samples were obtained at surgery. Preoperative blood samples (baseline) were analyzed by both tumor-informed fixed and patient-specific panels based on hybrid capture. Tumor-informed fixed panel was performed by using ultra-deep (60000X) next-generation sequencing with 158 gene panel spanning 118 kb of human genome. Patient-specific panel was also performed by using ultra-deep (100000X) next-generation sequencing with customized 40 single nucleotide variants identified using whole-exome sequencing. Results: Tumor-informed fixed panel monitored 212 mutations (median, 3; range, 0-7). Most of them (95.3%) were matched in the corresponding tumor tissues. For patient-specific panels, 91% of patients were customized design 40 mutations, affected by the detection of tissue somatic mutations. Based on fixed or patient-specific panel, ctDNA mutations were detected in 46.9% vs 49.4% (P=0.75) at baseline, respectively (Stage I: 35.6% vs 37.8%, P= 0.83; Stage II: 53.3% vs 60%, P=0.71; Stage III: 66.7% vs 66.7%). Conclusions: Both tumor-informed fixed and patient-specific panel NGS assay can detect the presence of ctDNA in early-stage NSCLC. However, the detection rate of preoperative ctDNA mutations was slightly higher based on patient-specific panel. Citation Format: Pengpeng Zhang, Zetian Gong, Yue Yu, Xiaoxuan Wang, Lei Ye, Xiaoqiang Wang, Xuan Tang, Chao Zhang, Wanglong Deng, Chao Song, Qing Xu, Yansong Li, Wei Wang. Tumor-informed fixed and patient-specific panels for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in early-stage NSCLC:a head-to-head comparison [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2293.