Geoinformation model of the transport network

The article presents a geo-informational model of the transport network of the Lozovsky district of the Kharkiv region. An analysis of the modeling object was carried out and it was determined that the transport system of the Lozovsky district contains two main components - a network of railway tracks and a network of highways. There are also waterways, but they are not suitable for transportation tasks. At the same time, geoinformation technologies, by their purpose, have descriptive and analytical functions that allow modeling and analysis of any objects. The Internet resource Open Street Map was selected as a data source for spatial modeling of the transport system of the Lozovsky district. This resource contains detailed and free information, access to Open Street Map data in geoinformation format integrated with QGIS software. Therefore, this software product was used as a modeling tool. Using the modules of the software tool selected for modeling, the following layers of the model were created: "District boundaries", "Roads", "Railway", "Railway stations", "Waterways" and "Populations", each of which has attribute data that characterize the properties of the elements of the corresponding layer. As an example of the use of the built model, the main types of network analysis were performed, namely, the shortest routes between settlements located within the selected modeling area were calculated. Modeling of the shortest distances from settlements located on the selected territory to the district center of Lozovsky district of Kharkiv region was also performed. Conclusions were made about the suitability of the built model for analysis and solving issues of optimization of transport infrastructure. The resulting model can be used as a means of supporting decision-making when forming a development strategy. In addition, it has been determined that geographic information modeling is a powerful tool for analyzing and visualizing geographically distributed data and has a wide range of applications, providing great opportunities for analyzing and improving the management of geographic information, including for the study and modeling of transport networks. Keywords: transport network, geoinformation system, modeling, route optimization, shortest distance.