Identification and expression analysis of neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the predatory stink bug, Arma custos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Abstract The predatory stink bug Arma custos has been selected as an effective biological agent and has been successfully massly bred and released into fields for the control of a diverse insect pests. As a zoophytophagous generalist, A. custos relies on a complex neuropeptide signaling system to prey on distinct food and adapt into different environment. However, information about neuropeptide signaling genes in predatory bugs has not been reported to date. In the present study, a total of 57 neuropeptide precursor transcripts and 41 potential neuropeptide GPCR transcripts were found mainly using our sequenced transcriptome data. Furthermore, a set of neuropeptides and their GPCR receptors that were enriched in heads, guts, salivary glands, antennae, and legs of A. custos were identified, which might play critical roles in central nervous regulation, feeding, digestion, odor perception and motor modulation, etc. Our study provides basic information for in-depth understanding of biological and ecological characteristics of the predatory bug and would aid in the development of better pest management strategies based on the effective utilization and protection of beneficial nature enemies.