DKK1 Impairs The Tumor Response to Αpd‐1 Immunotherapy by Inactivating CD8+ T Cells And Recruiting Mdsc Cells in Hnsc

Abstract Background: The utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has received authorization for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) and various other tumor types. However, a large proportion of HNSC patients exhibit unresponsiveness to ICIs. Dickkopf‐1 (DKK1), a secreted protein with pivotal functions in Wnt signaling pathways, has been increasingly recognized for its role in modulating anti‐tumor immunity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved