Insights into the Resource Utilization Behavior of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Based on Theory of Planned Behavior from Different Stakeholders’ Perspective

The road repair and maintenance process will produce a large amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). The abundant generation of construction waste poses a major challenge to the sustainable development of resources worldwide. Based on the increasingly prominent contradiction between environmental resources and construction development, the implementation of resource utilization of recycled asphalt pavement materials is of great significance for resource sustainability. This paper aims to study the factors influencing the behavior of resource utilization of RAP materials from different stakeholders’ perspectives. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), three variables of “government supervision”, “potential benefits” and “project constraints” are introduced to meet the specific situation of road projects, and the model of RAP resource unitization behavior is constructed. Data were collected through questionnaires, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the theoretical model and research hypotheses. The influencing factors that cause the difference of RAP resource utilization behavior among stakeholders were analyzed through multi-group structural equation. The research findings show that attitude towards behavior, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have a significant positive impact on RAP resource utilization behavioral intentions. Perceived behavioral control, project constraints and behavioral intention have a significant positive impact on RAP resource utilization behavior. The hypothetical path of potential benefits has a non-significant effect on actual RAP resource utilization behavior. The multi-group structural equation analysis with stakeholders as moderating variables showed that the effects of government supervision, project constraints, and behavioral intentions on actual behavior were more significant for the designer; the effects of attitude towards behavior on behavioral intentions of RAP resource utilization were more significant for the contractor; and the effects of perceived behavioral control variables on behavioral intentions and actual behavior of RAP resource utilization were more significant for the owner. The research is expected to provide a theoretical basis to guide the stakeholders better implementing RAP resource utilization measures.