Cytotoxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics in different functional sizes on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and HFF-2 cells

Abstract Background : Nanoplastics in the environment lead to human exposure to these particles so it is important to study their effects at the cellular level. The aim of this study to assess the toxic effects of PS-NPs with different functions on MDA-MB-231 and HFF-2 and evaluate the oxidative cellular response involved. Another goal of this study is to investigate the anti-tumor effect and apoptosis induction of a combination of nanoplastic polystyrene. Materials and Methods : The appearance properties of nanoparticles were determined by FTIR and FESEM tests and zeta potential. Diol agar method was used to evaluate their antimicrobial effects and MTT Assay test was used to determine the toxicity effect. Also, the type of cell death, apoptosis and necrosis, as well as the study of cell cycle arrest and the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPx were measured in this study. All experiments performed in this study were designed in 3 replications (p<0.005). Results : The polystyrene nanoparticles used in this study were analyzed by FTIR and the wide peak of 3386 cm-1 confirms that the nanoparticles are amine. PS-NH 2 had a neutral electric charge and was not found to have antimicrobial properties in Aclay and Staphylococcus aureus in any size. In this study, the cytotoxicity of 90,200,300 polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NH 2 ) at doses of 125,250,500,1000,2000 µg / ml on human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and fibroblast cell (HFF-2) ) And the viability of these cells was significantly dose-dependent (p <0.005). Dismutase (SOD) decreased with increasing dose and a significant difference was observed (P <0.001). GPx enzyme activity decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration in both cell lins and had a significant difference with the control sample (P <0.001). MDA-MB-231 and HFF-2 cells underwent apoptosis after being exposed to PS-NH 2 and the highest percentage of cell accumulation was seen in the G1 and Sub-G1 phase, which indicates that the cell has entered the apoptotic phase. Conclusion : Polystyrene nanoparticles have toxic properties on both cell lines and cause cell death.